RAG Overview (Vertex AI)

Vertex AI RAG Engine

Vertex AI RAG Engine is a component of the Vertex AI Platform that facilitates Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) and serves as a data framework for developing context-augmented large language model (LLM) applications.

It enables you to enrich LLM context with your organization’s private knowledge, reducing hallucinations and improving answer accuracy.

The RAG process (in order)

  1. Data ingestion — Intake data from different sources. For example, local files, Cloud Storage, and Google Drive.
  2. Data transformation — Conversion of the data in preparation for indexing. For example, data is split into chunks.
  3. Embedding — Numerical representations of words or pieces of text. These numbers capture the semantic meaning and context of the text. Similar or related words / text tend to have similar embeddings, meaning they’re closer together in the high-dimensional vector space.
  4. Data indexing — Vertex AI RAG Engine creates an index called a corpus. The index structures the knowledge base so it’s optimized for searching. Think of it like a detailed table of contents for a massive reference book.
  5. Retrieval — When a user asks a question or provides a prompt, the retrieval component in Vertex AI RAG Engine searches through its knowledge base to find information relevant to the query.
  6. Generation — The retrieved information becomes context added to the original user query, guiding the generative AI model to generate factually grounded and relevant responses.

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