Python Turtle Graphics

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Python Turtle Graphics

Module to add graphics to the screen.

Importing turtle

from turtle import #something

Keep the white screen open

from turtle import Screen
 
screen = Screen()
screen.exit_on_click()

Turtle Documentation. Turtle depends on Tkinter. Colour — TK (short for TkInter). Tkinter allows you to make a GUI (graphical user interface) which is what we have now — point and click instead of typing commands.

Color function

timmy = Turtle()
 
# option A
turtle.colormode(255)
timmy.color(243, 21, 53)
 
# option B
turtle.colormode(1.0)
timmy.color(0.5, 0.4, 0.8)

setheading

turtle.setheading(0)
 
# 0 is East
# 90 is North
# 180 is West
# 270 is South

Event listeners (onkey)

def move_forward():
    turtle.forward(10)
 
screen = Screen()
screen.listen()
screen.onkey("space", move_forward)
 
# onkey(the keybind, the function to execute)

Instances and states

timmy = Turtle()
tommy = Turtle()
 
# both timmy and tommy are different instances.
# they can have different attributes and do different things.
 
timmy.color = "Green"
tommy.color = "Red"
 
# state of timmy's color attribute is different compared to tommy's

Turtle(shape=___)

timmy = Turtle(shape="turtle")
 
# there's an init function for shape
# turtle shape is 40 by 40 pxls

turtle.goto

timmy = Turtle()
timmy.goto(x, y)

tracer()

Turns the turtle animation on/off. Unless we call update, the screen is not going to refresh.

# turn off
screen.tracer(0)
 
# update with 0.1s delay
screen.update()
time.sleep(0.1)
 
# turn on

Default size

Circle: 20px by 20px.

distance()

apple.distance(banana)
 
# measures the distance between the apple object and the banana object

turtle.write()

turtle.write("Hello!", align="center", font=("arial", 24, "normal"))

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